現在國際合作非常多，很多場合都需要口譯翻譯員。口譯翻譯員即使提前做好充分的準備，在現場也無法避免意外的出現，今天北京翻譯公司給大家說說在口譯中如果出現錯誤怎樣巧妙躲避?

　　There is so much international cooperation now that interpreters are required on many occasions. Even if interpreters are fully prepared in advance, they will not be able to avoid accidents at the scene. Today, the Beijing Translation Company told us how to avoid mistakes in interpreting.

　　1、沒聽清、聽漏了或者沒聽懂

　　I can't hear you. I missed or didn't understand.

　　由于口譯現場環(huán)境、講話人語速、語音等因素，或者是由于譯者在譯前準備上有所疏漏、在現場一時疲憊分神的原因，就會出現這樣的情況了。首先，你要分清楚這部分的內容是否足夠重要、是否會影響對其他部分內容的理解，如果是次要內容，并不影響大局，可以省略不譯或著直接采取模糊處理的辦法。

　　This will happen because of the environment of the interpretation scene, the speaker's speaking speed, the pronunciation and so on, or because of the translator's omission in the preparation before translation, and the temporary exhaustion and distraction of the translator at the scene. First of all, you have to distinguish whether the content of this section is important enough, whether it will affect the understanding of the other parts, if it is a minor content, it does not affect the overall situation, you can omit the translation or take a direct approach to ambiguity.

　　如果是關乎全文的關鍵性的內容，就必須要認真對待了，這時候你就需要一些口譯技巧來幫忙了。在相對寬松的環(huán)境下，如果方便得體，最好立刻詢問講話人，或者請教現場的相關專家，不能硬著頭皮往下進行翻譯，造成誤解，會影響會談和交流;如果是非常正式的場合或者大會發(fā)言，只能先用比較中性或模糊的話過渡，然后集中注意力，恃機調整補救。

　　If it is critical to the text, it must be taken seriously, and you need some interpretation skills to help. In a relatively loose environment, if convenient and appropriate, it is best to immediately ask the speaker, or consult the relevant experts on the scene, can not be forced to head down to translate, resulting in misunderstanding, will affect the talks and exchanges; If it is a very formal occasion or a conference address, you can only use neutral or vague words to transition, and then focus on the machine to adjust the remedy.

　　2、錯譯

　　2, wrong translation

　　最優(yōu)秀的譯員在現場口譯中也難免出錯。認識到自己譯錯了以后，不要驚慌，也不要說“對不起，我譯錯了”或者I’m sorry. I made a mistake. 這樣不僅會讓聽眾產生理解混亂，還會損害譯員和譯文的可信度。好的口譯技巧可以幫你順利通過難關。這時的你可以重譯，并且對正確的譯文采取重音重復的辦法，就像平時說話要強調某事一樣。或者以解釋的語氣和方式，用I mean, … 或“就是說”、“確切地說”引出正確的譯文。

　　The best interpreters also make mistakes in field interpretation. Don't panic or say "I'm sorry, I'm wrong" or "I'm sorry" or "I'm sorry." I made a mistake. This will not only create confusion for the audience, but also undermine the credibility of interpreters and translations. Good interpreting skills can help you get through. You can retranslate and repeat the correct translation as if you were talking about something. Or in an explanatory tone and manner, using I mean,. Or "that's it," exactly. " The correct translation is elicited.

　　3、不會譯

　　Three, no translation.

　　不會譯是由于兩種原因造成的，它的口譯技巧也有兩種。一是沒聽懂，此時可以按本文的第一種情況處理;二是聽懂了，卻一時找不到恰當的表達，此時可先直譯，再按自己的理解進行解釋，雖然譯文難免生澀，原文韻味喪失殆盡，但不會造成誤解，也不會影響交流的進程。口譯中遇到習語、典故、詩詞、幽默或專有名詞時，如果沒有充分的準備或事前不了解講話內容，一時就很難在目標語言中找到對應的表達。此時要力爭譯出原文的大意，傳達出講話人的主旨，并且使交流順利地進行下去，哪怕譯文欠妥也無傷大雅。譯專有名詞時，如果拿不準，還可以在譯文后重復原文，聽眾中的專業(yè)人士很可能立刻就清楚了。

　　There are two kinds of interpreting skills. First, not understand, this time can be dealt with the first case of this article; The second is to understand, but for a while can not find the appropriate expression, this time can first literal translation, and then according to their own understanding of the interpretation, although the translation will inevitably be astringent, the original flavor is lost, but will not cause misunderstanding, will not affect the process of communication. When we encounter idioms, allusions, poems, humor or proper nouns in interpreting, it is difficult to find corresponding expressions in the target language without adequate preparation or prior understanding of the speech. At this point, we should strive to translate the main idea of the original text and convey The keynote of the speaker, and the smooth flow of communication, even if the translation is not very good. Translation of proper nouns, if uncertain, can be repeated after the translation, the audience of professionals are likely to be immediately clear.

　　4、講話人說錯

　　4. The speaker was wrong

　　口譯中也可能遇到講話人說錯的情況，好的口譯技巧可以讓你避免尷尬。如果有違事實、史實或常識的錯誤，或者是講話人口誤，譯員意識到了這個錯誤，并且能改正，應該在譯文中予以糾正。如果譯員懷疑講話人說錯，卻又不能肯定，在方便的情況下，應向講話人確認;在大型會議場合中，應按原文翻譯。

　　The speaker may also be wrong in interpreting, and good interpreting skills can help you avoid embarrassment. If there is a fact, historical or common sense error, or a speaker's slip of tongue, the interpreter is aware of the error and can correct it, which should be corrected in the translation. If the interpreter suspects that the speaker is wrong, but is not sure, confirm it to the speaker in case of convenience; in the event of a large meeting, translate it in the original language.

　　5、講話人邏輯混亂

　　5. The speaker's logic is confused

　　口譯常常譯的是即席講話或發(fā)言，而人們在即席口頭表達中，由于思維和語言水平的限制，經常會出現不必要的重復、拖沓、語言模糊，或者斷句、層次不清、邏輯關系混亂等現象，這給譯員造成了很大困難，譯員要有想到精妙的口譯技巧來解決這個難題。要善于對原文進行梳理，分清邏輯層次，迅速抓住主次，對于啰嗦重復的部分，應刪繁就簡、同義合并;對于邏輯不清的部分，要盡量理出層次和頭緒，并在譯文中體現出來;對于斷句或語意不完整的部分，應首先進行句法轉換，并加以補充，力求完整，另外，如果下文接著說或繼續(xù)相關內容，則應該在下文的翻譯中，做到與此句相呼應，體現上下文的關聯性和邏輯關系。

　　Interpretation often translates impromptu speeches or speeches, and in impromptu oral expressions, people often appear unnecessary repetition, procrastination, vagueness of language, or indistinct sentences, due to limitations of thinking and language proficiency. The confusion of logic causes great difficulties for the interpreter, and the interpreter must have the ingenious interpretation skills to solve the problem. We should be good at sorting out the original text, distinguish the logical level, quickly grasp the primary and secondary parts, for the long-winded and repetitive parts, we should delete and simplify them, merge them with the same meaning, and try our best to sort out the layers and threads of the parts with unclear logic, and reflect them in the translation. There is no end to a broken sentence or meaning The entire part should first be syntactic transformed and supplemented with a view to its completeness, and, if the following continues or continues, the sentence should be echoed in the translation below. Reflect the relevance and logical relationship of context.

　　6、講話人語言不得體

　　6. The speaker's language is not appropriate

　　由于英漢兩種語言的文化背景迥異，思維和表達方式上差異很大，雙語交流時難免有文化的沖突，漢語中的一個問候譯成英語可能就變成無理的冒犯;而英語的一句贊揚譯成中文也許會令人尷尬。譯員應掌握兩種文化背景知識，提高敏感度，在講話人言語不得體的時候，要靈活處理，或者略去不譯、或者淡化、或者變通，避免誤解，使交流能順利進行，這也是最常用的口譯技巧。

　　Because the cultural background of English and Chinese is very different, the thinking and expression of English and Chinese are very different, it is inevitable that there is a cultural conflict in bilingual communication, and a greeting in Chinese may become an unjustifiable affront into English; A compliment in English may be embarrassing to translate into Chinese. Interpreters should have two cultural backgrounds, be more sensitive, and be flexible when the speaker's speech is inappropriate, either by omitting translation, or by downplaying, or by adapting to avoid misunderstanding, so that communication can proceed smoothly. This is also the most commonly used interpretation technique.

中譯國際翻譯（北京）有限公司
China International Translation service Co., Ltd.